Object History
This magnificent and ornate pair of English wall mirrors or ‘pier glasses’ are refined and reduced from a design by Thomas Johnson (1723–1799) first published in 1756 and included in his ‘Collections of Designs’ (1758), plate 4, and republished in his ‘One Hundred and Fifty New Designs” (1761) as plate 22.
Pier Glasses were designed to be placed on the wall or ‘pier’ between windows; as well as forming part of a decorative scheme they provided an important functional use, creating a reversal of dynamic with the windows at night, reflecting and maximising the light given off by candles or oil lamps. Johnson’s asymmetrical design creates a sense of fluidity and lightness to the mirrors, employing ‘contraste’ in the placing or absence of elements, to create a stylised form, which through the dynamic tension of its constituent parts instils the mirrors with a sense of playfulness and vitality.
In London throughout the 1740s and 1750s there developed a great enthusiasm for the whimsical Rococo style, and it rapidly became the height of fashion, popularised, and disseminated throughout the country and further afield by cabinetmakers’ ‘Books of Prices’, and ‘Directories’. The second half of the 19th century saw a revival of the Rococo style in England and many designers and furniture makers turned once again to Chippendale’s ‘Director’ and designs by Matthias Lock and Thomas Johnson for inspiration, with fine examples based on modified designs or specific plates.
Thomas Johnson’s designs, executed in a vigourous picturesque manner, are often inspired by the work of earlier French designers, transposing motifs taken from engraved ornament by Jean Bérain, Daniel Marot, William de la Cour, J. B. Toro and Francis Barlow. It is therefore ironic that he was a member of the Anti-Gallican Association, founded ‘to oppose the insidious arts of the French Nation’, even dedicating his publication ‘One Hundred and Fifty New Designs’ in 1761 to Lord Blakeney, Grand President of the society. His talent was however undeniable, and his exuberant imagination informed his designs with recurrent motifs including, exotic birds, Chinoiserie and rustic figures and motifs from Aesop’s fables. The importance and appeal of his work is evident in that Chippendale included several of his Rococo designs in the Third Edition of the Director.
